Hertz, you might have heard of it in clock speed of a CPU, but what is it?

Hertz

THE ORIGINS

Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894), a German physicist with attributed with demonstrating the existence of electromagnetic radiation. His discoveries confirmed the theories established by James Clerk Maxwell and placed the four famous equations that recognized that light and heat are electromagnetic spectacles.

And, Hertz was also the first researcher to confirm the existence of the photoelectric effect and also the first to detect radio waves. Hertz did not believe that these actions would have any use in the world, but ultimately, he laid the groundwork for the modern wireless age. For all his achievements, the scientific world honored Hertz in 1930 by naming the unit of frequency after him.

WHY IS GENERATED ELECTRICITY CYCLIC?

Power stations all over the world produce electricity by electromagnetic induction, it was discovered by physicist Michael Faraday and studied by physicists through the 19th century. The main thing about this is that a changing magnetic field induces an electric current in a conductor. Generating stations use this principle by using steam to rotate a large conducting coil in a strong magnetic field. The rotation of the coil generates electricity changes polarity with each rotation of the coil. Also known as alternating current, and the frequency of the split shift, measured in Hz, rest on the speed of rotation of the turbine.

First, the electric power station at Niagara Falls was made by Nikola Tesla who made The North American standard of 60 Hz. He discovered that 60 Hz was the most effective frequency for energy distribution along power lines. In Europe and parts of Asia, standard AC current is 50 Hz, electricity transmission is 15 to 20 percent less resourceful.

THE HERTZ UNIT IN ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

Cause all electromagnetic radiation travels at the same speed – the speed of light – the frequency of the radiation goes down as the wavelength goes up. So, any type of wave phenomenon, frequency, and wavelength are mutual quantities. When developing the concepts behind quantum physics, Max Planck discovered that the energy (​E​) of a wave packet of light – a quantum – is proportional to its frequency (​f​). The equation is ​E​ = ​hf​, where ​h​ is Planck's constant.

The radiation with the highest energy is that with the highest frequency, and it's frequently measured in megahertz (106 Hz), gigahertz (109 Hz), and all the way to Peta hertz (1015 Hz). Radiation with frequencies in the petahertz range might be in the cores of black holes and quasars, but not in the terrestrial world of human beings.

SO WHERE DOES HERTZ COME IN WITH CPUS AND

 SUCH?

As we know a Hertz is cycles per second, now this term is used in CPU's clock speed, GPU's clock speed, and a monitors refresh rate, well it basically means how many updates can be done within 1 second, a CPU marked at 3GHz can operate at 3,000,000,000 operations per second, which is just how many cycles of operations it can do in one second, in case of GPUs its the same thing. 

Coming to refresh rates of monitors, it's just that how fast are the frames being able to be updated, as 144Hz monitor can push 144 Frames per second and a 60Hz monitor is only able to push 60 frames per second no matter how strong the graphics card is, no matter how fast are frames being able to render, for example playing Minecraft with an RTX 3090, in F5 you might see FPS in thousands, but if your monitor is 60Hz, you will just see 60 FPS on the scene, which causes a bottleneck.

SO HOW MANY HZ DO YOU NEED?

Talking of CPUs and GPUs, the higher the better, your system will be able to perform more, will work faster as the operations are being done much quicker. Well but that isn't just that, performance also depends on number of cores, transfer rates, Floating points operations per second (FLOPS), and a whole another array of factors with a whole lot of numbers, so yeah, but still the higher the number the more calculations it can do. 

In the matters of a monitor, well you can say the higher the better, but the human eye cannot see the difference in 60 FPS or 144 FPS, yeah it will be smoother but you won't see any increase in frames as the human eye can see up to 60 FPS, so it depends on which game you might be playing, as in case playing an FPS (First Person Shooter) game, at higher FPS will help. as more frames are rendering, first of all, it will be less blurry and smoother, but maybe you might be able to high an extra shot on the moving enemy, as say playing an FPS at 144 FPS, the coordinates of an enemy, as of where the enemy is being calculated faster and you will be able to depict it better where the enemy is going to be, other than that, as the enemy will be at multiple coordinates while moving over a number of frames, the shots fired have a better chance of hitting the enemy, didn't get what I was saying?

Well think like this, Playing an FPS at 60 FPS, now if an enemy, x travels from one point, a to another point, b in one frame, there will be a gap between the different coordinates so the shots fired where the gap was in coordinates might not register, because of the calculations, the player wasn't just there, but those coordinates was a point in his path, now at 144 Hz, now that more frames are being rendered between the two points where the enemy traveled, the coordinates on the path the enemy traveled are being counted and now the shot might just hit, well the gap between the sub coordinates is still there but it's lessened by a lot. So a high hertz monitor might just help.

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